Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Appendiceal neuroendocrine tumours (aNETs) are usually diagnosed incidentally at appendicectomy, are indolent and rarely recur. Current ENETS guidelines inform aNETs management and highlight areas of uncertainty. We aimed to identify risk factors that predict lymph node metastasis, residual disease at completion surgery, or disease recurrence and also assessed survival according to ENETS stage.Methods: We retrospectively analysed a prospectiv...

Background: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (pNETs) are commonly reported in patients with MEN1. The estimated incidence is reported as 40–80% of adults with MEN1 and pNETs are frequently multifocal. Guidelines recommend that CT, MRI and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) can be used for detection and surveillance of pNETs in MEN1. MRI has been the most commonly used modality, but EUS may be more sensitive in detecting pNETs.Objective: To compare the sen...

Background: There is no consensus on the optimal timing of surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in MEN1. Experienced centres recommend subtotal or total parathyroid surgery with three and a half gland surgery along with thymic removal as a favoured procedure; but long-term outcomes have rarely been reported.Objective: To investigate the indications and outcomes for surgery in patients with PHPT in MEN1Methods: Review of c...

Introduction: This audit was undertaken to determine whether Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) management in the clinical setting is compliant with the nine standards set of the existing PHPT pathway in the City Hospital Sunderland Foundation Trust (CHSFT). PHPT pathway was developed in (CHSFT) to allow effective management and surgical referral for this common condition in line with available national and international guidelines.Methods: Data was retr...

Gonadotroph pituitary adenomas are common but majority of them are classified as non-functional as they do not lead to features of hormonal excess. Functional gonadotroph adenomas are rare and there are only few small series or individual case reports about these.Case report: 45-year-old gentleman presented with headaches, progressive visual failure and complaint of excessive tiredness. He had normal libido and had an 8-year-old child. On examination, he...

Background: X-rays of the hand and wrist are routinely performed to evaluate bone age (BA) in children with endocrine and growth disorders. BA is used essentially to assess growth potential, but the BA x-ray can reveal additional morphological abnormalities. Incidental findings on the BA x-ray can aid clinical diagnosis and prompt appropriate further investigations to establish the child’s final diagnosis.Methods: A 10-year retrospective review of 1...

Introduction: The role of hormones and their underlying mechanisms in the development of osteoporosis are complex and not completely understood. Serum SHBG concentration is increased in older men and may be correlated with reduced bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. However, there is little data on exact relation of BMD with 24-h mean concentration and circadian rhythm of SHBG.Methods: We measured 24-h mean SHBG concentration in 3 groups of...

Introduction: Strontium ranelate (SR) is a dual action bone agent that increases bone formation and reduces bone resorption. Previous long term studies with SR have demonstrated minimal reductions in parathyroid hormone (PTH) and adjusted calcium (ACa) levels with increase in phosphate (PO4) concentrations, but the exact mechanism of action of SR remains unclear. Postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density (BMD) have relatively high circulating PTH concentrat...

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is an uncommon disorder characterised by a deficiency of arginine vasopressin. There are many causes of CDI including traumatic, infiltrative, inflammatory and neoplastic disorders of the pituitary or hypothalamus. CDI may be associated with a pituitary stalk lesion or thickening. Such thickening is commonly related to lymphocytic infundibular hypophysitis (LIH) or other granulomatous infiltrative disorders.We present a s...

Introduction: The effect of oestrogens on the male skeleton has been demonstrated in a number of studies and oestradiol (E2) plays an important role in regulating bone mineral density (BMD). The concentration of bioavailable oestradiol (BE), rather than total oestradiol (TE), is associated with bone loss in elderly men.Oestradiol circulates in the bloodstream in one of three forms: bound to SHBG; bound to albumin; and unbound/free. The albumin-bound plus the free fraction comp...